拓扑图以及实际用路由器名与书上路由器名对应关系,请查看[原创]BSCI第一章实验2之任务2(人邮自学指南BSCI)
下面的调试信息是在P1R1 P1R2上启用路由汇总后,并关闭P1R1的S1接口后,在R5上看到的,注意看由于配置了汇总路由,R5对查询应答很快,它不会再向外发出继续查询的信息,直接用某某具体的子网不在我的路由表里 not in IP routing table 来应答.这样就避免了过渡的查询数据占用带宽.
r5-2501#
*Mar 1 02:59:50.011: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:1): Processing incoming QUERY packet
*Mar 1 02:59:50.015: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:1): Int 10.1.0.0/24 M 4294967295 - 0 4294967295 SM 4294967295 - 0 4294967295
*Mar 1 02:59:50.023: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:1): Int 10.1.1.0/24 M 4294967295 - 1657856 4294967295 SM 4294967295 - 1657856 4294967295
*Mar 1 02:59:50.043: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:1): 10.1.0.0/24 - not in IP routing table
*Mar 1 02:59:50.047: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:1): Int 10.1.0.0/24 metric 4294967295 - 0 4294967295
*Mar 1 02:59:50.051: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:1): 10.1.1.0/24 - not in IP routing table
另一种减少查询的方法就是在不需要保存保存大量路由信息的远程路由器上启用末节eigrp stub特性,启用末节特性后,末节路由器将不会接受查询,如下面的红色显示,整个信息显示也没有 incoming query.
2509rj#3
[Resuming connection 3 to r3 ... ]
*Mar 1 03:24:03.131: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:1): Neighbor 10.1.2.2 not on common subnet for Ethernet0
r3-2514(config-router)#
*Mar 1 03:24:09.303: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:1): Processing incoming UPDATE packet
*Mar 1 03:24:09.307: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:1): Int 10.1.0.0/24 M 4294967295 - 0 4294967295 SM 4294967295 - 0 4294967295
r3-2514(config-router)#
*Mar 1 03:24:12.207: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:1): Processing incoming UPDATE packet
*Mar 1 03:24:12.211: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:1): Int 2.0.0.0/8 M 2323456 - 1657856 665600 SM 2297856 - 1657856 640000
*Mar 1 03:24:12.215: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:1): Int 4.0.0.0/8 M 2349056 - 1657856 691200 SM 2323456 - 1657856 665600
*Mar 1 03:24:12.239: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:1): Processing incoming UPDATE packet
*Mar 1 03:24:12.243: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:1): Int 10.1.0.0/24 M 4294967295 - 0 4294967295 SM 4294967295 - 0 4294967295
*Mar 1 03:24:12.251: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:1): Int 10.1.2.0/24 M 4294967295 - 1657856 4294967295 SM 4294967295 - 1657856 4294967295
*Mar 1 03:24:12.263: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:1): Int 10.1.0.0/24 metric 4294967295 - 0 4294967295
*Mar 1 03:24:12.271: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:1): 10.1.0.0/24 - denied by stub
*Mar 1 03:24:12.275: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:1): Int 10.
1.0.0/24 metric 4294967295 - 0 4294967295
*Mar 1 03:24:12.299: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:1): Processing incoming REPLY packet
*Mar 1 03:24:12.303: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:1): Int 10.1.0.0/24 M 4294967295 - 0 4294967295 SM 4294967295 - 0 4294967295
*Mar 1 03:24:12.327: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:1): Processing incoming REPLY packet
*Mar 1 03:24:12.331: IP-EIGRP(Default-IP-Routing-Table:1): Int 10.1.0.0/24 M 4294967295 - 0 4294967295 SM 4294967295 - 0 4294967295
r3-2514(config-router)#un all
启用末节特性后,在R1上显示邻居,注意蓝色部分:
r1-2514>show ip eigrp neighbors detai
IP-EIGRP neighbors for process 1
H Address Interface Hold Uptime SRTT RTO Q Seq
(sec) (ms) Cnt Num
1 10.1.1.3 Et0 13 00:17:40 1010 5000 0 123
Version 12.3/1.2, Retrans: 1, Retries: 0
Stub Peer Advertising ( CONNECTED SUMMARY ) Routes
Suppressing queries
3 172.31.1.2 Se0 134 00:40:07 57 342 0 165
Version 12.3/1.2, Retrans: 1, Retries: 0
2 172.31.1.5 Se0 161 00:41:33 36 216 0 42
Version 12.3/1.2, Retrans: 9, Retries: 0
另外:
如果在R3上启用eigrp stub receive-only的话,那么R3就不会把自己的路由发送给其他邻居了.看下面的输出:
r1-2514#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
C 1.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Loopback0
D 2.0.0.0/8 [90/2297856] via 172.31.1.2, 00:18:57, Serial0
D 3.0.0.0/8 [90/409600] via 10.1.1.3, 00:22:29, Ethernet0
D 4.0.0.0/8 [90/2323456] via 172.31.1.2, 00:18:57, Serial0
D 5.0.0.0/8 [90/2297856] via 172.31.1.5, 00:27:59, Serial0
172.31.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 172.31.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 4 subnets, 2 masks
D 10.1.3.0/24 [90/2195456] via 10.1.1.3, 00:22:30, Ethernet0
C 10.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0
D 10.1.0.0/16 is a summary, 00:44:56, Null0
D 10.254.0.0/24 [90/2195456] via 172.31.1.5, 00:28:01, Serial0
下面是eigrp stub receive-only启用之后
r1-2514#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
&nbs
p; i - IS-IS,
su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
C 1.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Loopback0
D 2.0.0.0/8 [90/2297856] via 172.31.1.2, 00:22:36, Serial0
D 4.0.0.0/8 [90/2323456] via 172.31.1.2, 00:22:36, Serial0
D 5.0.0.0/8 [90/2297856] via 172.31.1.5, 00:31:38, Serial0
172.31.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
C 172.31.1.0 is directly connected, Serial0
10.0.0.0/8 is variably subnetted, 3 subnets, 2 masks
C 10.1.1.0/24 is directly connected, Ethernet0
D 10.1.0.0/16 is a summary, 00:48:33, Null0
D 10.254.0.0/24 [90/2195456] via 172.31.1.5, 00:31:39, Serial0
启用前红色部分的路由条目在启用后消失了.!
任务五:
利用通告0.0.0.0 0.0.0.0汇总路由的方式向其他路由器通告默认路由的方式,不但通告了默认路由,还过滤了自身其他路由条目被发送给对方路由器.如下:
通告默认路由前 R3的路由表,注意加粗的红色部分,此时R3有通过R1接口的路由:
r3-2514(config-router)#do show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is not set
D 1.0.0.0/8 [90/409600] via 10.1.1.1, 00:22:57, Ethernet0
D 2.0.0.0/8 [90/2323456] via 10.1.1.1, 00:22:57, Ethernet0
[90/2323456] via 10.1.3.4, 00:22:57, Serial1
C 3.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Loopback0
D 4.0.0.0/8 [90/2297856] via 10.1.3.4, 00:22:57, Serial1
D 5.0.0.0/8 [90/2323456] via 10.1.1.1, 00:22:57, Ethernet0
172.31.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 172.31.1.0 [90/2195456] via 10.1.1.1, 00:22:57, Ethernet0
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
C 10.1.3.0 is directly connected, Serial1
D 10.1.2.0 [90/2195456] via 10.1.3.4, 00:19:20, Serial1
C 10.1.1.0 is directly connected, Ethernet0
D 10.254.0.0 [90/2221056] via 10.1.1.1, 00:22:58, Ethernet0
再看通告后的,除多了默认路由外,:原来到达5.0.0.0/8网络的路由条目,现在经过10.1.3.4接口走了,而不是R1的10.1.1.1了
r3-2514#show ip route
Codes: C - connected, S - static, R - RIP, M - mobile, B - BGP
D - EIGRP, EX - EIGRP external, O - OSPF, IA - OSPF inter area
N1 - OSPF NSSA external type 1, N2 - OSPF NSSA external type 2
E1 - OSPF external type 1, E2 - OSPF external type 2
i - IS-IS, su - IS-IS summary, L1 - IS-IS level-1, L2 - IS-IS level-2
ia - IS-IS inter area, * - candidate default, U - per-user static route
o - ODR, P - periodic downloaded static route
Gateway of last resort is 10.1.1.1 to network 0.0.0.0
D 1.0.0.0/8 [90/2835456] via 10.1.3.4, 00:00:09, Serial1
D 2.0.0.0/8 [90/2323456] via 10.1.3.4, 00:00:09, Serial1
C 3.0.0.0/8 is directly connected, Loopback0
D 4.0.0.0/8 [90/2297856] via 10.1.3.4, 00:07:30, Serial1
D 5.0.0.0/8 [90/2835456] via 10.1.3.4, 00:00:09, Serial1
172.31.0.0/24 is subnetted, 1 subnets
D 172.31.1.0 [90/2707456] via 10.1.3.4, 00:00:09, Serial1
10.0.0.0/24 is subnetted, 4 subnets
C 10.1.3.0 is directly connected, Serial1
D 10.1.2.0 [90/2195456] via 10.1.3.4, 00:07:32, Serial1
C 10.1.1.0 is directly connected, Ethernet0
D 10.254.0.0 [90/2733056] via 10.1.3.4, 00:00:10, Serial1
D* 0.0.0.0/0 [90/409600] via 10.1.1.1, 00:00:04, Ethernet0
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